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Rezumat articol ediţie STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI
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Rezumat: Romania. Aspects of the External Migrations within the Period 1980-2001. After the emphasis of some general problems, the paper highlights the main aspects with regard to the emigration flows and to the external immigration of Romania and its quality (sexes, age, nationality and countries of destination and of origin) for the period 1980-2001. As concerns the emigration, within the analyzed period, a number of 617 538 persons left Romania, the highest number belonging to the year 1990 (15,7 from the total). A proportion of 52-53 % belonged to the feminine population. As concerns the age, a certain situation of balance was maintained till the years 1991 and 1992, after which the age group between 26-40 years hold more that 40 %, while the persons of 51-60 years hold only around 6 %. The highest number of the emigrants belonged to the Romanians (46,6 %), followed by the Germans (36,5 %), Hungarians (12,8 %), Jews (2,4 %) and other nationalities (1,7 %). As regards the country of destination, the first preference was Germany (47,6 % from the total of those 617 536 emigrants of the period 1980-2001), followed by U.S.A. (10,9%), Hungary (9,9 %), Canada (5,1 %) etc (fig. 2). The phenomenon of immigration (slow, conquest, colonization), as compared with the emigration, was more evident, it being manifested in a long period of time, in which a population of a Hungarian origin, German, Jewish, Rroma (Gypsy), Ukrainian, Turkish, Tartar, Bulgarian, Serbian, Slovakian was settled on the country`s territory. Within the immigration, expressed in a certain measure even between the period from the two World Wars (the returning home of those left in the "New World'', at the threshold between the 19th and 20th century), the phenomenon of repatriation is to be spotlighted, especially manifested beginning with 1990. In this respect, there is to be found that within the interval 1990-2001 a number of 81 526 persons have been repatriated, from which around 53 % are men. As concerns the age, the groups of 18-40 years (45 |
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