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    STUDIA BIOLOGIA - Ediţia nr.1 din 2019  
         
  Articol:   SINGLE AMPLIFIED GENOMES FROM RED SEA BRINE POOL EXTREMOPHILES - A SOURCE OF NOVEL ENZYMES.

Autori:  RAM KARAN, STEFAN GRÖTZINGER, MALVINA VOGLER, ANASTASSJA LEYLA AKAL, DOMINIK RENN, ALEXANDRA VANCEA, SHILADITYA DASSARMA, JÖRG EPPINGER, MAGNUS RUEPING. 		 
       
         
  Rezumat:  Enzymes originating from harsh environments offer exceptional stability under extreme conditions and are therefore highly in demand for industrial applications. However, understanding and harnessing of life under extreme conditions are challenging due to the difficulties of in situ observation and the lack of cultivatable organisms (> 99% can’t be cultivated). We used culture-independent methods to comprehensively assess the structure and function of polyextremophilic enzymes from brine pools located at the bottom of the Red Sea. The identified extremozymes - alcohol dehydrogenases, carbonic anhydrases, proteases, glucose dehydrogenase, and 2-hydroxy dehydrogenase were bioinformatically selected from single amplified genomes (SAGs) for their biotechnological potential. The extremozymes were expressed in Escherichia coli or Haloferax volcanii and/or Halobacterium sp. NRC-1. Indeed, purified enzymes showed activity under extreme temperature, salt, and organic solvents. Our crystal structures of extremozymes combined with biochemical analyses provide insights into how enzymes adopt to these extreme conditions. The findings will facilitate the bioengineering of enzymes with valuable properties for biotechnology. The methodology provides a general guide for scientific and industrial investigations of the enzymatic treasure of the microbial dark matter.

Keywords: extremophiles; extremozyme; halophiles; polyextremophiles; thermophiles. 		 
         
     
         
         
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