Rezumat articol ediţie STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI

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Natural and technological hazards are responsible for significant material damage and have caused the loss of many human lives along the time. Effective emergency response can avoid the escalation of an event into a disaster. Disaster impacts may include loss of life, injury, disease and other negative effects on human physical, mental and social well-being, together with damage to property, destruction of assets, loss of services, social and economic disruption and environmental degradation. The term ‘‘early warning’’ occurred during the cold war to describe a military strategy which prevents the potential threat from ballistic intercontinental missiles. These early warning systems (still operational) were designed to alert target areas as soon as a missile was detected by a radar setup or a launch discovered by a satellite system. Nowadays, early warning systems are designed for epidemiological, economical, social, and for all the types of natural and environmental risks.Early warning system is a set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and meaningful warning information to enable individuals, communities, and organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare and to act appropriately and in due time to reduce the possibility of harm or loss. The objective of early warning is to enable individuals and communities threatened by natural or similar hazards to act in due time and in an appropriate manner so as to reduce the possibility of personal injury, loss of life and damage to property or fragile environments.

Key words: early warning systems, emergency response, risk assessment.