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	STUDIA THEOLOGIA ORTHODOXA - Issue no. 2 / 2006

	Article:	THE CALVINIST HOLY SUPPER, CONSIDERED FROM AN ORTHODOX POINT OF VIEW. Authors: VASILE CITIRIGĂ.


	Abstract: The Calvinist Holy Supper, considered from an Orthodox point of view. The reformer Jean Calvin opposes the idea that Christ is present in the Eucharist. By staying faithful to the complete separation between the transcendent and the immanent, between the created and the uncreated, he claims that the Christian takes the Eucharist at a spiritual level and not a material one. The spiritual and the material reality are not intimately united within The Holy Supper because the wine and the bread remain the same; therefore, they are not transformed into the Blood and Flesh of Jesus. The receiver must only believe in Christ and he receives the Eucharist of Jesus Christ, but only at a spiritual level and therefore independent of the bread and wine. Calvin also denies the sacrificial value of The Holy Supper. These are his reasons: Jesus Christ is the one Priest who made the one sacrifice and this Priest is eternal, therefore he does not need any successors. Moreover, if there are no more priests there can be no more sacrifices. Also, we have been redeemed for eternity through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ and as a result we need no other sacrifices. The Orthodoxy firmly believes in the revealed truth according to which the bread and the wine change into Jesus Christ’s Flesh and Blood, believing in the possibility of unifying the created and the uncreated, based on the embodiment of the Son of God. The Orthodoxy too teaches that the Redemption is fully and eternally accomplished through Jesus Christ, but the appropriation of the fruits of the Redemption is nowadays done by receiving the Mysteries. The unification between Christ and His followers, the material, spiritual and objective receiving of Jesus’ Flesh and Blood are done through the Holy Eucharist. It integrates us as persons in the sacrifice of the Cross.




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