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The STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI issue article summary
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Abstract: Environmental Shortcomings and Geo-ecological Reballancing of Mining Sites without Activity in Maramureş County. Mining inevitably induces conflicting relationships at the level of local and regional environmental systems. In the context of respecting the EU standards, mining has been shut down in Maramureş County, a very careful re-evaluation of the environmental components being required for the functional reintegration of the territorial systems. The environmental significance of the anthropogenic activities, in general, and of the mining activities, in particular, comes from the functional modifications induced on the natural components, as well as from the relationship between these modifications and the anthropogenic component. The spreading of the aggressive-destructive effects induced by mining to the environmental systems started with the exploitation of the useful mineral substances, when numerous excavations took place and many shafts and ditches appeared at the surface, alongside with a branched network of galleries placed on different levels (coast galleries, directional galleries and inclined plane galleries) and deep drillings. The materials excavated underground accumulated at the mouth of the galleries, as gross dump heaps. Analyzing the international documents and legislation referring to the mining sector, in what concerns the environmental problem and especially the strategy of mining industry development for the years to follow, the action plan for environmental protection is based on two conclusions: the mining sector in Maramureş bears the inheritance of an environmental large scale degradation and of serious environmental matters and the degradation continues even today. There is a constant raise in interest over these problems, but action is poor towards solving and preventing them. The fact that these problems continue to exist and to aggravate is not caused by the lack of rules or legal instruments or by the absence of specialized institutions, but by ignoring to put into practice the already existing regulations. The resources are poor, the awareness and the environmental management competence are also poor in the mining sector. Keywords: environmental dysfunctions, mining site waste-dumps, settling tanks, geoecological reballancing, space and functional reintegration. |
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