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Status of Rural Ecosystem and Poverty. A Study of Jorhat District of Assam, India. This paper tries to debate the state of the rural ecosystem in connection with the demographical pressure in Jorhat district, India. The domination of agrarian economy and the process of high rate of increasing of the population (more than 20 % per year, at the Indian national level) have resulted in a rapid process of “consumption of the nature”. The lack of agricultural land for most of the rural population and the small percent of forest areas led to the decrease in capacity for feeding the population accompanied with the poor quality of the whole rural ecosystems. As a result of social practices and the lack of the land, the Index of Human Development is at a low level. The illiteracy rate reaches near 60 percents of the rural population. Without an international assistance, despite the large world democracy, the population of this area and of the entire India continues to be born in poverty, live in poverty and die in poverty.

Keywords: rural society, ecosystem, poverty.