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Authors: CHARLES WILFRIED TIKENA BOUTORA.
DOI: 10.24193/subbeuropaea.2023.1.03
Published Online: 2024-06-30
Published Print: 2024-06-30
pp. 53-68
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After the first generation of Pan-Africans formed at the beginning of the 20th century mainly by black Americans and Caribbeans, the second generation is formed with black Africans. These black Africans are inspired and influenced by the founding fathers of Pan-Africanism. Marcien Towa (1931-2014) is one of them. The philosopher is a key figure in the intellectual history of Africa who has contributed ardently, alongside other renowned intellectuals, to the writing of the modern history of Africa. His fight very legitimately was to wash the Africans of opprobrium (the stereotyped images of Africa and its inhabitants created by the colonizers). Through his criticism of Senghorian negritude, he makes a remarkable contribution to the reflection on the movement, a considerable contribution to the ideology of Pan-Africanism.
Keywords: Labor Unions, Romania, Deliberation, Representation, Leadership
