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Air Quality and the Legal Mechanisms of the Quality of the RM. Activity intensive environmental advanced industrial countries is not enough, the annual quantity of the polluting substances released into the atmosphere is growing steadily, is rising and the degradation of air quality status. During the years 1990-1999 emissions from sources in Moldova have fallen by about six times, for the years 2000-2008 is a slight increase in emissions, but background concentrations in the atmosphere of the main cities polluting substances, except sulphur oxide (IV) for this period or remained virtually the same level, which shows that fund the creation of pollution of the atmosphere in part RM attend and other sources of pollution. Analysis of annual emissions into the atmosphere by the type of source of pollution for the years 1990-2008 shows that in 1990 the total mass of polluting substances released from these sources was fixed about 40% of total emissions, which gradually decreases to 10.5% in 2000, then begin a slow growth rate reaching 15% in 2008. Analyzing the average monthly concentrations of polluting substances into the atmosphere during winter was found that when increasing the number of sources of local pollution, they have a lower amount than the summer, which shows that air quality concentration of substance in Moldova is influenced of transboundary transfer of polluting substances. Legal protection of atmospheric air quality in Moldova is virtually assured of legislation. Taking into consideration that air quality degradation is caused by transboundary air pollution in Moldova is a need to initiate international Conventions in the procedure for compensation of injury and product environmental health in the Republic.

Keywords: Air pollution, air quality, auto purification process, atmosphere, source of pollution, anthropogenic emissions, pollutant substances, the complex index of air pollution, impact on the air quality, measures of edification, regime juridical.