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Evolution of global solar radiation trends at Cluj-Napoca (Romania) for the period 1921 to 2009. Trends of the annual and seasonal mean global solar radiation were detected at Cluj-Napoca station (Romania) during the period from 1921 to 2009. The long-term evolution of global solar radiation has been evaluated by Mann–Kendall and t-tests. We also used in this analysis the linear trend. The analysis revealed significant increase in annual and most seasonal global solar radiation. This increase in global solar radiation (GSR) is more pronounced during the winter and spring seasons, and can be attributed to solar variations and cloud cover. The results of Runs test, based on the number of runs above and below the mean, did not clearly detect a trend (except April) or an oscillation, because all the p-values obtained are below α-level (0.05).

Keywords: Angström–Prescott equation; global solar radiation trends; Mann–Kendall test; Student’s t-test; Runs Test.