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The STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI issue article summary
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Abstract: The Role of Plyometrics in Judo’s Technical Learning Optimization. The human body is under continual stress generated by external forces that obligate the muscles to contract as a response to their actions. These contractions can be classified in two categories: negative contractions also called eccentric contractions and positive contractions also called concentric contractions. During an eccentric contraction, the muscle elongates while under tension due to an opposing force being greater than the force generated by the muscle. A concentric contraction is a type of muscle contraction in which the muscles shorten while generating force.
A plyometric contraction involves first a rapid eccentric movement, followed by a short amortization phase, then an explosive concentric movement. The eccentric contraction is the main movement in plyometrics. The external force applied to a muscle, in eccentric movements, is grater than the tension generated by that muscle. Therefore, the muscle will elongate. Eccentric contractions normally occur as a braking force in opposition to a concentric contraction to protect joints from damage. They assist in keeping motions smooth, but can also slow rapid movements such as a punch or throw. The eccentric contraction allows to the muscles to support grater tension than in an isometric contraction.A muscle during eccentric contraction elongates while producing tension. To point out, every move that oppose to gravity is under the control of an eccentric contraction. The metabolic consumption during an eccentric contraction is less than metabolic consumption for a concentric contraction. There are less motor units activated during an eccentric contraction and, the muscle needs less oxygen for maintaining an eccentric contraction as opposed to performing concentric contraction. To conclude, there is a higher motile effectiveness in an eccentric exercise opposed to a concentric exercise.
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