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    STUDIA BIOLOGIA - Issue no. 1 / 2019  
         
  Article:   HIGH RESILIENCE AND RESISTANCE OF SOLAR SALTERN MICROBIAL ASSEMBLAGES EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES.

Authors:  TOMEU VIVER, LUIS H. ORELLANA, SARA DÍAZ, MERCEDES URDIAIN, MARÍA DOLORES RAMOS-BARBERO, JOSÉ E. GONZÁLEZ-PASTOR, AHARON OREN, RUDOLF AMANN, JOSEFA ANTÓN BOTELLA, KONSTANTINOS T. KONSTANTINIDIS, RAMON ROSSELLÓ-MÓRA. 		 
       
         
  Abstract:  Solar saltern ponds of the Es Trenc (Mallorca-Spain), with crystallizer ponds containing about 15m3 of brine, represents an ideal setups for in situ mesocosm studies. Here, the influence of light intensities and the effect of sudden dilution were followed using metagenomics. The results indicated that light intensity and salinity are the deterministic factors driving the establishment of well-adapted saltern microbial communities. Specifically, under high-irradiation and high-salinity conditions, highly resilient microbial communities were mainly dominated by the well-known Haloquadratum spp. and Salinibacter spp. On the other hand, different microbial populations less resistant to changes dominated under low-irradiation, with a yet unclassified haloarchaeon and Spiribacter-like bacteria representing the dominant species. In addition to these environmental pressures, a sudden decrease of salinity from 34% to 12% highlighted a major sensitivity of the archaeal but not the bacterial fractions. Once the salinity recovered to saturation levels, the highly resilient and well established community dominated by Haloquadratum spp. and Salinibacter spp. reestablished. Additional shifts observed during salt dilution were related to changes in primary producers and virus predation that influenced the dynamics of the microbial communities. Collectively, our results support that environmental factors assayed here deterministically select the organisms that dominate saltern the microbial communities.

Keywords: hypersaline environments, resilience, temporal series. 		 
         
     
         
         
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