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Authors: MONICA NISTE, ROXANA VIDICAN, IOAN ROTAR, RODICA POP.
Rhizobium are a group of bacteria that have the ability to nodulate legumes. In agricultural systems the symbiotic associations between legumes and soil bacteria designated as rhizobia is the most important nitrogen-fixing agents. These bacteria infect the root nodules of leguminous plants, leading to the formation of nodules where the nitrogen fixation takes place. Different envionmental factors like (water deficit, salinity, extreme temperature and mineral nutrients) they affect not only the formation of nodules but also affects the symbiosis. The main objective of the experiment was to identify which medium is more suitable for the development of different strains of rhizobia. In the present study, strains of Rhizobium were isolated from root nodules. Rhizobium strains are rod shaped to pleomorphic, forming random colonies and mucus producing. The Rhizobium strains were isolated using different media Yeast extract mannitol agar (YEMA) with Congo red, a mediu with yeast extract, mannitol and soil extract and a medium for N2 fixing organisms. The Petri plates were incubated at 28 ºC in the dark. Further characterizations were done by performing morphological traits and also determine what media is more suitable for the growth of rhizobia. Regard to number of colonies formed on all media, Rhizobium trifolii wild type showed a larger number of CFU compared to Rhizobium trifolii which has a lower number of colonies. The optimum medium for the growth of Rhizobium species was seen to be the one with mannitol, yeast extract and agar (YEMA), also appeared to work well medium for N2 fixing organisms for the wild type. In conclusion rhizobia can grow best on glucose and mannitol and in general are easy to culture.
