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Rezumat articol ediţie STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI
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Rezumat: Romania in the German Review Kladderadatsch during the First Word War. Kladderadatsch was one of the earliest German satiric magazines and one of the longest publishingas well. It first appeared in 1848 and lasted till 1944.When WW1 started, the magazine gave its full support to the German cause and started to sustain the national propaganda with articles and cartoons.At the beginning of the conflict, Romania did not appear in the pages of the Berliner publication, but rarely. The moment Romania declared war on Austro-Hungary, in August 1916, the Romanian subject became very popular and very frequent.Initially, the image of Romania was that of state that was required by England to enter the war alongside the Entente. Gradually, the topic was enhanced with new motifs. The cartoonists began to point out Romania’s wrongness in declaring war to the Central Powers, especially after its defeat at Tutrakan (Turtucaia).Visually, the Romanian state/nation did not have a constant and familiar symbol, as the great countries did (England – John Bull, Britannia, the British lion, France – Marianne, the cock; the czarist Russia – the cossack the Bear; the German empire – Michel, Germania, the eagle etc.). Romania often came out in the form of medium-size animals, such as the hyena or the fox, indicators of its treacherous attitude. Other times were used herbivorous mammals, the ram or the donkey, this with the purpose to show that the East-European state poseda higligeable threat and had no real authority in the development of the warfare. However, king Ferdinand proved to be the most used visual figure with regard to the Romanian affair. He played various roles, posing in ridiculous situations and acting foolishly most of the time. |
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