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Rezumat articol ediţie STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI
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Rezumat: Testing as a method of evaluation of psychomotric abilitiesThe need of measuring has extended a lot in sports with the purpose of reaching into the depths of this social phenomena. Measuring is a notion that designates attributing numbers to certain facts or continuous or discontinuous data, which does not stop here but continues with the evaluation of this data. Sports, gymnastics as well, are looking for a measuring stick, an instrument of a high practical and theoretical value. As a means of measuring, tests have been ellaborated and developed by the applied psychology with the beginning of the XIXth century.
The test consists of a task, more often a series of tasks, designed to establish the presence or the absence of a certain aspect, of the peculiarities of manifestation or the degree of its development.
The conditions for a task to become a test are standardization and calibration.
Standardization refers to: - the standardization of the present stimuli that could produce the reactions that are going to be recorded as exact and as complete as possible, - the standardization of the explanations given in connection to the task that needs to be performed, - the standardization of the way in which the reactions are scored
Calibration – means that the individual results are measured by comparison to the ones obtained by the most representative population both from a numerical point of view as well as its content. The examination of the diagnostical values of the tests or the testing of the tests depends on the final purpose, validity and sensitivity.
The fidelity of a test indicates the measure by which the results obtained by a test are reliable. Knowing the degree of confidence of a test we can determine whether the individual differences obtained are determined by real differences among the subjects.
The main aspects of the fidelity of a test are: - the steadfastness in time of the obtained results by using the test, - the constancy of the result in the case when the same subjects are measured by different examiners,- the tasks match the overall test,- the tasks are homogenous
In a broader sense, the validity of a test is the fact that this test measures what it aims to measure. The validation procedures are: - empirical validation – is used when the test has been created to outline a selection, - predictive validation – analyses the measure in which the subjects who had a good outcome during the test will perform in the same manner in real life activity, - competitive validation – refers to the fact that the person who creates the test must make sure that all the major aspects that represent the content of the measured trend are found in the content of teach of the tasks and they have the proper dosage.
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