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Rezumat articol ediţie STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI
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Rezumat: Cellulose is the most naturally abundant biopolymer on the Earth and a low-cost energy source. It consists of a linear homopolysaccharide composed by beta-D-glucopyranose units linked by beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cellulases hydrolyze beta-1,4 linkages in cellulose chains. In nature, complete cellulose hydrolysis is mediated by a combination of three main types of cellulases: endoglucanases, exoglucanases (including cellobiohydrolases), and beta-glucosidase. Cellulases play a major role in industries such as paper, textile, detergent, food, and biorefinery. Halophilic microorganisms are excellent sources for salt stable enzymes that can effectively withstand and react under extreme salinity conditions. For instance, they play an essential role in various fermentation processes that occur in the presence of salt. Recently, we isolated 6 moderate halophilic, CMC-degrading strains from non-saline garden soil samples in Japan. After incubated at 37°C for 3 weeks, they produced clearance zone around colonies on agar plates containing 0.2% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), when stained with 0.1 % Congo red on the agar plates. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolates were found as closely related to Piscibacillus, Halobacillus, Thalassobacillus, Lentibacillus, and Virgibacillus, respectively. The activity profile of their enzymes showed the optimum residual activity at temperature 50 °C. The cellulase activity was found to be stabilized in the salt range of 6–15% and thus evident for halophilic nature of the enzyme.
Keywords: cellulase, cellulose, CMCase, enzyme, halophile. |
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