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Rezumat articol ediţie STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI
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Rezumat: Halophilic microorganisms can be an excellent source of useful compounds for industrial applications. However, the microbial population inhabiting extreme saline environments has been under-estimated, due to difficulties encountered in the isolation and cultivation of these microorganisms. The solar salterns located in the Odiel marshlands (Huelva), at the southwest of Spain, are an excellent example of a poorly explored hypersaline environment. In this work, we used two culture-independent methods to study the prokaryotic diversity present in the brine ponds at 33% salinity. We constructed and characterized libraries of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes with genomic DNA extracted from a water sample as template; and we used 16S rRNA Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) based on the Illumina MiSeq platform to profile the same genomic sample. Furthermore, the ability of this microbial population to excrete haloenzymes was tested on agar plates. This work entails the first study of the aquatic microbial composition in this environment, where we found only one bacterial species, Salinibacter ruber, and a high diversity of archaea. Moreover, we demonstrated that NGS and clone library approaches were comparable regarding the estimation of the major genera found in the sample, including Halorubrum, Haloquadratum, Halonotius and Halobellus. Finally, we showed that the biomass presented different hydrolase activities, comprising α-amylase, protease, lipase/esterase, cellulase and laccase. Further studies will focus on the isolation and identification of the strains with the higher activity for each enzyme, followed by the optimization of the parameters that enable the best activity. Keywords: archaea, haloenzymes, Odiel marshlands, 16S rRNA metagenomics. |
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