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Rezumat articol ediţie STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI
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Rezumat: The drying-out of the Aral Sea Basin is considered a catastrophic ecological problem of Central Asia and caused massive salinization and desertification of lands. Many halotolerant and halophilic bacteria were isolated and detected in hypersaline soils of arid regions, but their taxonomic description has not yet been completed, and their distribution and ecology have not yet been fully studied in detail (Oren, 2011). Our studies were focused on examining the biodiversity and ecology of the rhizosphere microbiome of Salicornia, a halophytic plant widely distributed in this region, and host to many representatives of halophilic microorganisms, to characterize the role of the halophilic microbiome in the growth of the host plant. To achieve this goal we carried out Illumina sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA genes amplified from total DNA of selected soils. The experiments were performed according to standard methods. The results show that the major taxonomic groups of halophilic bacteria belong to the genera Marinococcus (2%), Alcalibacterium (1%), and Halomonas (3%), to the Actinobacteria (2%), and to the families Alteromonadales (2%), Nitriliruptoraceae (2%), and Desulfobulbaceae (1%). Representatives of the archaeal domain included several genera: Natronococcus (4%), Haloterrigena (3%), Halovivax (2%), Halorubrum (2%), and Halomicrobium (2%). The research of the diversity and ecology of halophilic bacteria and archaea in the Salicornia rhizosphere provides a theoretical concept and knowledge, while also offering future prospects to evaluate and develop potential biotechnological applications.
Keywords: Aral Sea, rhizosphere, Salicornia, salinity. |
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